viral ideas

“Trending” can mean a few things:

1. Topics currently in the news or recent scientific breakthroughs

2. Curriculum topics that students find difficult or are high-weightage in exams

3. Social / challenge formats (fun puzzles, “math magic,” trick problems)

4. Seasonal / event-based (e.g. national science day, Pi Day, etc.)

• Exam analysis / sample papers / past year trends

  • After each exam (board exams, mid-terms, etc.), many coaching / news sites publish “what was asked, what was tough, student reactions.” You can convert those into reels: e.g. “5 surprising questions in CBSE Class 10 Maths 2025”

  • Identify repeated “problem types” (e.g. a tricky coordinate-geometry numerical that shows up often) and make short reels solving them.

• Question banks / coaching content

  • Coaching institutes (like Allen, FIITJEE, etc.) often post “important problems” or “trending tricky problems.” You can adapt them (with attribution or your variation).

  • Platforms like Reddit, Quora, Instagram, teacher groups: see what students ask repeatedly. For example, “What topics are most likely to appear in CBSE Class 10 Science?” was being asked on Reddit. (Reddit)

B. Science / technology news, popular science sources

To keep content fresh, you can tie curriculum topics to real-world science news. This helps you stand out and also builds relevance.

• Science news websites / magazines / journals

  • Sites like Nature, Science Daily, IndiaBioscience often highlight latest discoveries, research, breakthroughs. For instance, IndiaBioscience has pieces on “sterile hybrids in nature” etc. (IndiaBioscience)

  • General science news sections in mainstream media (Times of India, The Hindu’s science section) — these provide simple stories you can adapt. (The Times of India)

  • Popular science blogs / magazines — these help you get interesting anecdotes, analogies, visuals.

• Emerging tech / trending scientific fields

  • Fields like AI / data science, quantum computing, biotechnology, nanotechnology, renewable energy, space missions. For example, one article lists top science areas for 2025: gene editing, quantum computing, etc. (Jagranjosh.com)

  • For math, you can connect to data analytics, cryptography, algorithms, machine learning. (E.g. data-science topics list) (admissionindia.net)

• Science publications / press releases from institutes in India

  • Indian research institutes (IISc, IITs, CSIR labs) often publish new findings. E.g. IISc Bengaluru method to control nanobots in a swarm — that’s a hook you can use in a reel about “how we control robots at nano scale.” (The Times of India)

  • Government / defense / space agencies (ISRO, DRDO) often have mission updates, satellite launches, etc. These are gold mines for tying curriculum topics to real applications.

• Science communication platforms / podcasts / YouTube channels

  • Follow science communicators in India and globally in YouTube / Instagram / podcasts. Note what topics get high engagement.

  • You can repurpose / comment / build upon their content (always credit / give your twist).

---

C. Social / challenge / puzzle formats

Creating “viral” engagement is easier if you package content in puzzles, challenges, or surprising mathematical “tricks.”

• Math puzzles / “brain teasers” / magic tricks

  • Example: “Guess the number trick,” “magic squares,” “visual proof of Pythagoras,” “number trick that seems magical but is just arithmetic.”

  • Use trending audio / meme format and overlay a puzzle that viewers will pause to think.

• “Myth busting / misconceptions”

  • E.g. “You always think the sum of two odd numbers is even — but in modular arithmetic modulo 4, here’s a twist.”

  • Common student mistakes: “Why many students misapply formulas in geometry / algebra — here’s a short reel to correct that.”

• “Real world” tie-ins / applications

  • Show how math is used behind the scenes — e.g. in building a bridge (geometry), in biorhythms (trigonometry), in voting (statistics), in encryption (number theory).

  • E.g. when a new space mission is in the news, do a reel: “How geometry & physics worked behind that.”

• Series / themed reels

  • “Topic of the week” or “Mystery Monday (a math puzzle), Science Sunday (a fun fact).”

  • “30-day challenge: Solve one geometry problem a day with me” or “Science fact series.”

---

3. High-weight CBSE 10 Maths topics

• According to recent coverage, some high-scoring topics are in Algebra (polynomials, quadratic equations), Geometry, Trigonometry. (ALLEN Overseas)
  For instance:

  • Relationship between zeros and coefficients of quadratic polynomials

  • Graphical vs algebraic solutions of pair of linear equations

  • Coordinate geometry: distance formula, section formula

  • Trigonometric identities & their simple proofs

  • Mensuration (volumes / surface areas) using clever shortcuts

  A reel idea: “Three quick tricks to factor tricky quadratics” or “Distance formula in coordinate geometry — intuitive proof in 60 seconds.”

• Math in computing / data

  • Basics of algorithms, recursion, discrete math — “why doctors use statistics,” “how Netflix recommends you movies (linear algebra idea).”

  • Encryption / modular arithmetic / prime numbers — connect to coding or cybersecurity.

  • Graph theory / networks (short videos on what is a graph, shortest path) — you can simplify for school students.

• Puzzles / fun number theory

  • Patterns in numbers, magic squares, Fibonacci, Pascal’s triangle, interesting combinatorial puzzles.

  • “Why is 0.999... = 1?” — many students get confused; you can do a short visual proof.

• Connections to advanced / real math

  • E.g. connect to calculus intuition (slope = derivative), talk about fractals, chaos theory in simple terms, etc.

  • Even if those aren’t in syllabus, they build curiosity.

• Physics / Chemistry / General Science

  • For physics: new discoveries in astrophysics, particle physics, gravitational waves, nanotechnology

  • For chemistry: novel materials, green chemistry, battery tech, polymers, catalysis

  • For general science: space missions, renewable energy, climate, quantum computing, AI in life sciences

  Example: tie today’s news about IISc nanobot control to a reel: “How do we steer nanobots individually? Nano-physics in action.” (The Times of India)
  Or when a space mission is in media, make a reel: “Physics behind rocket launches — simplified.”

• Trending / “hot fields” for students to know

  • AI, data science, biotechnology, quantum computing — you can make “intro to” reels, “why students should care” reels. E.g. top courses for science students now include quantum computing, AI. (www.ndtv.com)

  • Renewable / green tech, climate science, biotechnology — many students and parents are interested in future careers here.

• • Simple home science experiments (safe ones) that illustrate a concept

  • Quick demos: e.g. surface tension, refraction, electrostatics, chemical reactions — these visually appeal and get high engagement.

---

4. Workflow for idea-to-reel (practical steps)

Here’s a recommended workflow so you always have a pipeline of ideas:

1. Weekly scan

   • Once or twice a week, spend ~30 minutes browsing science news, curriculum notifications, student forums, and coaching sites.

   • Maintain a “content ideas bank” (spreadsheet / notes) with topic title, hook, syllabus link, source.

2. Prioritize & shortlist

   • From the bank, pick 2–3 topics per week: one tied to syllabus (exam helpful), one “wow / curiosity / trending science,” one a puzzle / fun fact.

3. Design the hook

   • First 3–5 seconds: a question, surprise, or challenge to grab attention.

   • For example: “Did you know you can solve quadratic equations in 10 seconds? Here’s how.” Or “This organism can edit its own genes — and here’s how CRISPR works (in 45 s).”

4. Script & visuals

   • Write a micro-script (keeping it short)

   • Figure out a visual — whiteboard, digital animation, overlay, experiment clip

   • Use clear, crisp analogies or visuals, minimal text, clear voiceover.

5. Shoot / animate / record

   • Use tools like phone + tripod, or simple animation apps

   • Keep transitions quick, use text overlays, emojis, zooms, fast cuts to maintain energy.

6. Post, analyze, iterate

   • Track engagement (views, retains, shares)

   • See which types work more (puzzles vs pure theory vs demo)

   • Use insights to refine next week’s content.

7. Engage & repurpose

   • Ask your viewers what concepts they are stuck with (polls / comments) → make reels from those requests

   • Convert popular reels into longer form (YouTube), or into short PDF notes / Instagram carousels.

---

5. Sample reel-ideas (titles / hooks you can try)

Here are a few ready-to-go reel ideas:

1. “Solve any quadratic with this trick (in 30 s)”

2. “Why 0.999… = 1 — quick proof with visuals”

3. “The simplest proof of the Pythagorean theorem ever” (visual animation)

4. “How do nanobots move? Physics at tiny scales”

5. “CRISPR gene editing: How scientists ‘cut and paste’ DNA”

6. “Why is the sky blue? (light scattering in 60 s)”

7. “The math behind Netflix’s recommendations (matrix magic)”

8. “Easy experiment: Surface tension with pepper & soap (explain concept)”

9. “Graph theory in 30 s: What’s a shortest path?”

10. “What is quantum superposition? Explained simply”

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Mapping EDC → LIC

 

Mapping EDC → LIC

Here’s the topic-by-topic link between what you studied in EDC and what you’ll use in LIC:

---

🧩 1. BJT (Bipolar Junction Transistor)

EDC Topics:

• BJT construction, biasing, CE configuration

• Hybrid-π model

• CE Amplifier analysis

Required for LIC:

• Understanding Op-Amp internal circuitry (it uses multiple BJTs inside).

• Concept of differential amplifier (LIC Module 1 & 2) → built using matched BJTs.

• Current mirrors and active loads used in op-amp ICs rely on BJT operation.
  So: Knowing transistor operation, biasing, and small-signal analysis is essential.

---

⚙️ 2. MOSFET

EDC Topics:

• Enhancement/Depletion MOSFETs

• Biasing & small-signal equivalent

• CS (Common Source) amplifier

Required for LIC:

• Used in CMOS Op-Amps, Differential Amplifiers, and Active Filters.

• Understanding input impedance, gain, and biasing principles helps you when studying op-amp internal stages and linear amplifier circuits.

• LIC Module 2 & 3 use MOSFETs indirectly in op-amp-based design understanding.

---

🔋 3. Amplifiers

EDC Topics:

• Class A, B, AB, C power amplifiers

• Transformer-coupled amplifiers

Required for LIC:

• Knowing gain, bandwidth, and distortion concepts helps you understand closed-loop and open-loop gain of op-amps.

• Practical op-amp circuits (like inverting and non-inverting amplifiers) are refined versions of transistor amplifiers with feedback.

---

🔁 4. Oscillators

EDC Topics:

• RC phase shift, Wien bridge, Hartley, Colpitts oscillators

• Positive and negative feedback

Required for LIC:

• Feedback theory directly connects to op-amp design and stability.

• In LIC Module 3 (Non-linear applications), you’ll again see Schmitt triggers and waveform generators, which depend on similar feedback principles.

---

⚖️ 5. Differential Amplifier

EDC Topics:

• DC & AC analysis of differential amplifiers

• MOSFET/BJT differential amplifier

Required for LIC:

• Absolutely crucial — the heart of an operational amplifier is a differential amplifier.

• LIC Module 1 (“Introduction to Differential and Operational Amplifier”) builds entirely on this.

---

🧠 Summary: Core EDC Concepts You’ll Use in LIC

EDC Concept	Role in LIC (IC Sem 4)
BJT biasing & hybrid-π model	Op-amp internal transistor design
MOSFET small-signal model	Used in CMOS op-amps
Differential amplifier	Basis of op-amp working
Feedback (positive/negative)	Key to op-amp stability and gain control
Amplifier gain, bandwidth, distortion	Analyzing op-amp circuits
Oscillator basics	Understanding Schmitt triggers & waveform generators

---

✅ Recommendation for Revision Before LIC

Before starting LIC, revise the following EDC topics thoroughly:

1. BJT small-signal analysis & hybrid-π model

2. Differential amplifier (BJT/MOSFET)

3. Concept of feedback (block diagram level)

4. Basic amplifier configurations (CE, CS)

5. Frequency response (gain-bandwidth tradeoff)

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In a locality 65% of the families read Times of India, 75% read Indian Express, 15% read neither. If 330 families read both the newspapers, how many families lived in that locality? Draw a Venn diagram to solve the problem.

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How a Prime Minister’s Actions Reportedly Led to the Deaths of RAW Agents

The claim that Morarji Desai, former Prime Minister of India, was directly responsible for the deaths of Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) officials is a serious and controversial allegation, primarily linked to his handling of Operation Kahuta, a covert intelligence operation in the late 1970s.

The narrative, drawn from various sources including books, articles, and online discussions, centers on Desai’s alleged disclosure of sensitive RAW intelligence to Pakistan’s leadership, which reportedly led to the exposure and elimination of Indian intelligence assets.

Below is a detailed examination of the context, events, and differing perspectives surrounding this issue, maintaining a thorough and professional approach.

---

Background and Context

Morarji Desai served as India’s Prime Minister from March 1977 to July 1979, leading the Janata Party government, the first non-Congress government in India’s history. His tenure followed the controversial Emergency period (1975–1977) under Indira Gandhi, during which RAW, India’s external intelligence agency founded in 1968, had gained significant influence under its first chief, R.N. Kao. Desai, a staunch Gandhian with a reputation for principled governance, had a complex relationship with RAW, partly due to his belief that the agency had been misused by Indira Gandhi to target political opponents during the Emergency.

The specific incident in question relates to Operation Kahuta, a RAW operation launched in 1977 to infiltrate Pakistan’s nuclear weapons program at the Khan Research Laboratories (KRL) in Kahuta. At the time, Pakistan was aggressively pursuing nuclear capabilities, seen as a direct threat to India’s security, especially after India’s own nuclear test in 1974. RAW had developed a sophisticated network of spies and assets in Pakistan, and by 1977–1978, the agency had gathered critical intelligence about Pakistan’s nuclear activities, including uranium enrichment capabilities.

The Alleged Incident: Desai’s Role in Compromising Operation Kahuta

According to multiple sources, RAW had a significant opportunity to disrupt Pakistan’s nuclear program during Desai’s tenure. A Pakistani agent reportedly offered the complete blueprint of the Kahuta nuclear facility for $10,000, a sum that required the Prime Minister’s approval due to foreign exchange regulations. RAW approached Desai for funding to execute this covert operation, which could have allowed India to gain a strategic advantage over Pakistan’s nuclear ambitions. However, Desai reportedly rejected the request, citing ethical concerns and his commitment to Gandhian principles of non-interference and peaceful coexistence with neighbors.

More critically, several accounts claim that Desai went further by disclosing India’s intelligence on Pakistan’s nuclear program to General Zia-ul-Haq, Pakistan’s military ruler, during a telephone conversation in 1978. According to B. Raman, a former senior RAW officer and noted security analyst, Desai informed Zia that India was aware of Pakistan’s nuclear activities at Kahuta, inadvertently or deliberately revealing details about RAW’s intelligence network in Pakistan. This disclosure allegedly prompted Zia to launch a ruthless counterintelligence operation, leading to the identification, torture, and execution of RAW agents and assets operating in Pakistan.

Key points from these accounts include:

• Desai’s Disclosure: Desai’s revelation to Zia is described as a catastrophic blunder, with some sources suggesting it was motivated by his Gandhian belief in transparency and honesty, while others argue it stemmed from a vendetta against RAW, which he viewed as Indira Gandhi’s “praetorian guard.”
• Impact on RAW’s Network: Pakistan’s intelligence services, particularly the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), reportedly dismantled RAW’s entire spy network in Pakistan. Agents were hunted down, tortured, and killed, severely weakening India’s intelligence capabilities in the region.
• Operation Kahuta’s Failure: The operation, which could have potentially delayed or disrupted Pakistan’s nuclear program, collapsed due to the loss of RAW’s assets and the lack of funding approval from Desai.
• Pakistan’s Gratitude: In 1990, Desai was awarded the Nishan-e-Pakistan, Pakistan’s highest civilian honor, which some critics cite as evidence of Pakistan’s appreciation for his actions, though others argue it was for his broader peace activism.

---

Supporting Evidence and Sources

Several credible sources corroborate the narrative of Desai’s role in compromising RAW’s operations:

• B. Raman’s Writings: In his book The Kaoboys of R&AW: Down Memory Lane, Raman, a former RAW officer, details how Desai’s indiscretion during a conversation with Zia led to the elimination of RAW’s agents in Kahuta. He describes Desai’s aversion to RAW and his budget cuts to the agency as contributing factors.
• Media Reports: Articles from outlets like India TV, DailyO, and Swarajya recount how Desai’s actions botched Operation Kahuta, emphasizing his disclosure to Zia and the subsequent loss of RAW agents. These reports often cite Raman’s accounts and other intelligence sources.
• Online Discussions: Posts on platforms like X and Quora reflect public sentiment and historical discussions, with users citing Desai’s actions as a betrayal that enabled Pakistan to advance its nuclear program. For example, posts mention Desai’s refusal to fund RAW’s operation and his direct communication with Zia as key factors in the deaths of RAW agents.
• Other Accounts: Authors like Heinz Duthel (Global Secret and Intelligence Services II) and articles in Indian Defence Review echo Raman’s claims, describing Desai as inadvertently playing the role of a “mole” by compromising India’s intelligence operations.

---

Alternative Perspectives and Defenses

While the narrative of Desai’s culpability is widely discussed, some sources and perspectives offer a more nuanced or defensive view:

• Gandhian Ideology: Desai’s supporters argue that his actions were driven by a sincere commitment to Gandhian principles of truthfulness and peaceful coexistence. They contend that he believed transparency with Pakistan could foster trust and reduce tensions, especially after the 1971 Indo-Pak war.
• Lack of Malice: Some accounts suggest Desai’s disclosure was unintentional, a result of diplomatic naivety rather than deliberate betrayal. For instance, Raman notes that Zia maintained regular contact with Desai, discussing topics like urine therapy to build rapport, which may have led Desai to lower his guard.
• Political Context: Desai’s distrust of RAW was rooted in its perceived misuse by Indira Gandhi during the Emergency. His budget cuts and skepticism toward the agency were part of a broader effort to curb what he saw as an overreaching intelligence apparatus.
• Counterarguments on Impact: A Quora post defends Desai, arguing that he was a principled leader who prioritized peace and transparency, and dismisses accusations of betrayal as exaggerated or politically motivated. It claims that attributing the deaths of RAW agents solely to Desai oversimplifies the complexities of intelligence operations.
• Broader Achievements: Desai’s defenders highlight his contributions, such as restoring democratic norms post-Emergency, undoing constitutional amendments made during the Emergency, and his peace activism, for which he was awarded India’s Bharat Ratna and Pakistan’s Nishan-e-Pakistan.

---

Critical Analysis

The evidence suggests that Desai’s actions, whether intentional or not, had severe consequences for RAW’s operations in Pakistan. His refusal to fund Operation Kahuta and his alleged disclosure to Zia-ul-Haq are widely cited as pivotal moments that led to the deaths of RAW agents and the failure of a critical intelligence mission. However, several points warrant deeper consideration:

1. Verification of Claims: Much of the narrative relies on secondary sources, such as B. Raman’s memoirs and media reports, which, while credible, are not primary documents like declassified government records. The exact details of Desai’s conversation with Zia remain unverified through official channels, as intelligence matters are typically classified.
2. Desai’s Motivations: The debate over whether Desai acted out of Gandhian idealism, personal vendetta against RAW, or diplomatic miscalculation remains unresolved. His broader foreign policy emphasized peace with Pakistan and China, aligning with his rejection of covert operations that could escalate tensions.
3. Shared Responsibility: Some sources note that other members of the Janata Party government, including Foreign Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Information Minister L.K. Advani, could have influenced or mitigated Desai’s decisions but did not. This suggests a collective failure rather than Desai’s sole responsibility.
4. Long-Term Impact: The compromise of RAW’s network is said to have weakened India’s intelligence capabilities, contributing to challenges like the Kashmiri Pandit exodus and Pakistan’s nuclear advancement. However, attributing these broader outcomes solely to Desai’s actions may oversimplify complex geopolitical dynamics.

---

Conclusion

Morarji Desai’s alleged role in the deaths of RAW officials stems from his handling of Operation Kahuta, where his refusal to fund a covert operation and his reported disclosure of RAW’s intelligence network to Pakistan’s Zia-ul-Haq led to the dismantling of India’s spy network in Pakistan. Credible sources, including B. Raman’s accounts and media reports, describe this as a grave blunder that resulted in the torture and execution of RAW agents, undermining India’s ability to counter Pakistan’s nuclear program. While some defend Desai’s actions as rooted in Gandhian principles or diplomatic intent, the consensus among intelligence analysts is that his decisions had catastrophic consequences for India’s national security.

Desai’s legacy remains polarized: he is celebrated for his democratic reforms and peace activism but criticized for what many view as a betrayal of India’s intelligence community. The incident underscores the delicate balance between transparency and secrecy in national security, a lesson that continues to resonate in India’s intelligence operations.

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Amphoteric Nature of aluminium , zinc, and lead - metals, oxides, and hydroxides

Amphoteric Nature

Amphoteric substances react with both acids and bases, acting as acids with bases (accepting OH⁻) and as bases with acids (donating OH⁻ or accepting H⁺). Aluminium, zinc, and lead (to a lesser extent) exhibit this property in their metals, oxides, and hydroxides.

Summary

• Aluminium: Metal, oxide, and hydroxide react readily with NaOH (forming aluminates) and HCl (forming chlorides), showing strong amphoterism.
• Zinc: Similar to aluminium, forms zincates with NaOH and chlorides with HCl, though metal requires concentrated alkali.
• Lead: Oxide and hydroxide are amphoteric, forming plumbites with NaOH and chlorides with HCl; metal is less reactive with NaOH.

-------------------------------------------------

DETAILS

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1. Aluminium (Al)

Aluminium Metal

• With NaOH: Reacts to form sodium aluminate and hydrogen gas: $$2Al(s) + 2NaOH(aq) + 6H₂O(l) \rightarrow 2NaAl(OH)₄(aq) + 3H₂(g)$$
• 
  
• With Dilute HCl: Forms aluminium chloride: $$2Al(s) + 6HCl(aq) \rightarrow 2AlCl₃(aq) + 3H₂(g)$$

Aluminium Oxide (Al₂O₃)

• With NaOH: Dissolves to form sodium aluminate: $$Al₂O₃(s) + 2NaOH(aq) + 3H₂O(l) \rightarrow 2NaAl(OH)₄(aq)$$
• 
  
• With Dilute HCl: Forms aluminium chloride: $$Al₂O₃(s) + 6HCl(aq) \rightarrow 2AlCl₃(aq) + 3H₂O(l)$$

Aluminium Hydroxide (Al(OH)₃)

• With NaOH: Dissolves to form sodium aluminate: $$Al(OH)₃(s) + NaOH(aq) \rightarrow NaAl(OH)₄(aq)$$
• 
  
• With Dilute HCl: Forms aluminium chloride: $$Al(OH)₃(s) + 3HCl(aq) \rightarrow AlCl₃(aq) + 3H₂O(l)$$

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2. Zinc (Zn)

Zinc Metal

• With NaOH: Reacts in hot, concentrated NaOH to form sodium zincate: $$Zn(s) + 2NaOH(aq) + 2H₂O(l) \rightarrow Na₂Zn(OH)₄(aq) + H₂(g)$$
• 
  
• With Dilute HCl: Forms zinc chloride: $$Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) \rightarrow ZnCl₂(aq) + H₂(g)$$

Zinc Oxide (ZnO)

• With NaOH: Forms sodium zincate: $$ZnO(s) + 2NaOH(aq) + H₂O(l) \rightarrow Na₂Zn(OH)₄(aq)$$
• 
  
• With Dilute HCl: Forms zinc chloride: $$ZnO(s) + 2HCl(aq) \rightarrow ZnCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l)$$

Zinc Hydroxide (Zn(OH)₂)

• With NaOH: Dissolves to form sodium zincate: $$Zn(OH)₂(s) + 2NaOH(aq) \rightarrow Na₂Zn(OH)₄(aq)$$
• 
  
• With Dilute HCl: Forms zinc chloride: $$Zn(OH)₂(s) + 2HCl(aq) \rightarrow ZnCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l)$$

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3. Lead (Pb)

Lead Metal

• With NaOH: Does not react significantly under standard conditions.
• With Dilute HCl: Reacts slowly due to insoluble PbCl₂ formation: $$Pb(s) + 2HCl(aq) \rightarrow PbCl₂(s) + H₂(g)$$

Lead(II) Oxide (PbO)

• With NaOH: Forms sodium plumbite: $$PbO(s) + 2NaOH(aq) + H₂O(l) \rightarrow Na₂Pb(OH)₄(aq)$$
• 
  
• With Dilute HCl: Forms lead(II) chloride (sparingly soluble): $$PbO(s) + 2HCl(aq) \rightarrow PbCl₂(s) + H₂O(l)$$

Lead(II) Hydroxide (Pb(OH)₂)

• With NaOH: Dissolves to form sodium plumbite: $$Pb(OH)₂(s) + 2NaOH(aq) \rightarrow Na₂Pb(OH)₄(aq)$$
• 
  
• With Dilute HCl: Forms lead(II) chloride: $$Pb(OH)₂(s) + 2HCl(aq) \rightarrow PbCl₂(s) + 2H₂O(l)$$

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